This BfN publication provides an up-to-date overview of anti-collision systems (ACS) for wind turbines. It sets out the requirements for demonstrating effectiveness, the regulatory framework and the economic aspects. To this end, the authors have evaluated existing knowledge on ACS and presented the latest scientific findings in a practical manner. A key focus was on the question of the conditions under which wind turbines must be shut down in good time in order to reduce the risk of bird collisions. Among other things, new findings regarding birds’ flight speeds and the reaction times of wind turbines (‘spin-up time’) were taken into account.
Another focus of the BfN publication is on the legal framework. Under nature conservation law, AKS are now recognised as a conservation measure. However, for them to be used, the effectiveness of the systems must be demonstrated, and so far only one system has been officially recognised nationwide. The BfN publication therefore sets out what requirements should be placed on such evidence of effectiveness and how a uniform, nationwide recognition process can be facilitated.
Bruns, E., Pommeranz, M. (2025): Wissenstransfer und Anforderungen an technische Vermeidungsmaßnahmen. Herausforderungen für die Anwendung von Antikollisionssystemen in der Praxis. BfN-Schriften 754, Bonn, 2025