Wind energy and birds

Wind turbines can affect birds in various ways – for example, through collisions, habitat loss or disturbance. Research projects funded by the BfN, amongst others, are investigating how these conflicts can be minimised.

The ramp up of wind energy is a key component of the energy transition. At the same time, however, this inevitably involves changes to habitats and potential adverse effects on bird species that are sensitive to wind energy. The risk of collisions with rotors, habitat loss due to disturbance or the removal of breeding and resting areas present challenges for species conservation that require thorough scientific analysis and the most effective solutions possible.

With funding from the Federal Ministry for the Environment, Climate Action, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety (BMUKN), the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (BfN) supports research projects in the field of ‘nature conservation and renewable energy’ that provide practical insights for the more nature-friendly expansion of wind energy.

The following overview presents a selection of projects that examine the interactions between the development and operation of wind turbines and birds – ranging from technical solutions such as anti-collision systems, through studies on the spatial use of the red kite, to the impact on migratory birds. The results can support planning and approval processes as well as regulatory procedures, and can be incorporated into discussions between nature conservation and the expansion of renewable energy.